A Study on The Foaming of Sea Water. Part 1

In spite of the fact that many marine observers are aware that sea water has a remarkable foaming capacity, there has not been any scientific study of this subject. However, the foaming capacity may be of considerable importance in oceanography. For instance, there must be an intimate relation between the Beaufort scale and the foaming of sea water, since there is no doubt that aspects of white…

A Bathythermograph

In the study of the homogeneous layer in the ocean, Rossby1 found it desirable to have an instrument which would provide a continuous record of temperature against pressure in the surface layers of the ocean. A preliminary instrument named an "oceanograph" was constructed and used during the summer of 1934. The manifold uses to which such an instrument could be put presaged a widespread employm…

Iodine and Bromine in Sponges

Iodine and bromine have been known to occur in sponges since the early part of the nineteenth century. Since then a large number of analyses, primarily of the bath sponge but also of other sponges, have been reported. Both iodine and bromine have been found in most cases, although in greatly varying amounts.

Environmental Characteristics of a River Estuary

The Patuxent River is one of the larger tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay. It has its origin in the north-central part of Maryland at an altitude of about 800 feet and empties into the western side of the bay at a point about halfway between the mouth and upper limits of the bay. Its basin is a hilly, rolling country without lakes and is characterized by low shores that rise gently toward the i…

Variations in The Phosphorus Content of Estuarine Waters of The Chesapeake Ba…

Studies by Cowles and Brambel (1938), Newcombe and Lang (1939), and Newcombe, Horne and Shepherd (1939) have provided information on the quantitative methods for estimating inorganic phosphorus and, also, on the vertical and horizontal distribution of this nutrient substance in the waters of the Chesapeake Bay. A continuation of distributional work has provided definite information on the …

A Study of Variability in Plankton Townet Catches of Pacific Pilchard (Sardin…

During the pilchard spawning season of 1940 the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, in collaboration with the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, made periodic surveys of part of the pilchard spawning area in an attempt to make quantitative evaluations of egg deposition. In addition to estimating the number of eggs deposited in the entire survey area during the season, it was desired to …

A Possible Function of Bioluminescence

It has been found difficult in many cases to conceive a use of the light to the luminescent organism, despite the large number of possibilities of ecological significance which have been suggested (vide Mangold, 1910, pp. 326-32; Kemp, 1910, p. 649; Putter, 1911, p. 487; Harvey, 1920, pp. 81-4; Rauthcr, 1927, pp. 162-6; Harvey, 1942, pp. 58-87). This difficulty has led to the conclusion by some…

The Ratio Of Carbon Dioxide Consumption To Oxygen Evolution In Sea Water In T…

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A Momentum Integral For Surface Waves in Deep Water

It has been demonstrated by the studies of Stokes (1847) and Lcvi-Civita (1925) that surface waves of finite height which are irrotational and periodic can exist in a liquid under the influence of gravity. Furthermore, it was pointed out by Stokes that such waves produce a transport of mass in the direction of propagation and hence possess a certain horizontal momentum relative to the undisturb…

The Diatoms Collected By The U. S. S. Cacopan In The Antarctic In 1947

For investigation of the Diatomaceae, a series of water samples was collected from the U. S. S. Cacopan by filling a citrate bottle either with surface water obtained with a bucket or with water obtained from various depths with Nansen bottles. The positions at which samples were collected in the Antarctic are plotted on Fig. 1. Of the main previous Antarctic Expeditions (Challenger, Deuts…